UNESCO's Memory of the World
In 1995, to celebrate the centenary of cinema, UNESCO worked together with film archives from 49 countries to "compile and publish a list of approximately 15 films each country considers to be representative of its most significant national cinematic heritage." UNESCO suggested that they consider historical importance and cultural/artistic value, but each film archive was allowed to define its own criteria to determine which films were important.
The films of each country are listed in the order of the source-pdf. These countries are included.
Angola, Australia, Austria, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Ivory Coast, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, Germany, Greece, The Holy See, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lebanon, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, South Korea, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Macedonia, Ukraine, United States of America, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
These films or collections on the source-pdf are not included in this list, because they are not on IMDb:
Canada:
The films of each country are listed in the order of the source-pdf. These countries are included.
Angola, Australia, Austria, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Ivory Coast, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, Germany, Greece, The Holy See, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lebanon, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, South Korea, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Macedonia, Ukraine, United States of America, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
These films or collections on the source-pdf are not included in this list, because they are not on IMDb:
Canada:
- A Selection of OMPB Films Produced between the two World Wars
- A Selection of Film Produced by the Government of Canada before the Creation of the National Film Board
- Royal Welcome, 8 unknown titles from the Canadian Cameo Series
- 4 unknown reels from "Shorts Produced at the London Headquarters of the Canadian Army during the last War"
- Animated Films of the National Film Board
- part of Obra Filmica Documental Miguel A. Alvarez (35 shorts are included so far)
- Obra Filmica Documental Karl Gartelman
- Two Days in Spring
- Baiterek
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- DirectorMariano BartolomeuStarsAfonso MalheiroSandra PitraMaria J. SwartThe story of one man's struggle to cope with the birth of his deformed child as he runs back and forth between his wife, mistress, and mother.
- DirectorFrancisco Henriques
- DirectorRuy Duarte de Carvalho
- DirectorAntónio Ole
- DirectorRui DuarteThe end of the Ondyelwa. Scenes from the three last days of the festival in which the population of the old Kingdom of Jau participate yearly.
- DirectorAntónio Ole
- DirectorFrancisco HenriquesDocumentary on the nation's pain after the death of President Neto, leader of the Angolan Revolution.
- DirectorAntónio Ole
- DirectorAntónio OleDocumentary on rural workers from the Huambo plateau.
- DirectorRuy Duarte de CarvalhoSet during a time of famine, and with only two families surviving, the film charts the struggle of Nelisita, a young man who confronts the spirits with help from animals and his friends. Inspired from two folktales of the Ovanyaneka agropastoralist people in southern Angola.
- DirectorRuy Duarte de CarvalhoStarsJunior HissibinbwaMutumana MarioHaykondo TyimyengoA documentary in which Angolan laborers describe their working conditions under colonial rule.
- DirectorOrlando Fortunato de Oliveira
- DirectorDenise SalazarIn November 1981, Manu Dibango and his orchestra visited Angola for a series of performances. The film shows the interaction with Angolan musicians.
- DirectorAsdrubal Rebelo
- DirectorManuel MarianoThe rich Cokwé culture, (an ethno-linguistic group from eastern Angola) its traditions and habits seen through the eyes of artists.
- DirectorCharles TaitStarsElizabeth TaitJohn TaitNicholas BrierleyOriginally 70 minutes in running time, only 17 minutes of the world's first full-length narrative feature film survived in stills and other fragments and tell the story of Ned Kelly, an infamous 19th-century Australian outlaw.
- DirectorRaymond LongfordStarsArthur TauchertLottie LyellGilbert EmeryA down-at-heal ex-convict undergoes an epiphany as he experiences the love of a good woman for the first time.
- DirectorNorman DawnStarsGeorge FisherEva NovakDunstan WebbA convict, wrongfully accused and sent a harsh prison colony, attempts to escape.
- DirectorKen G. HallStarsBert BaileyAnn RichardsFred MacDonald
- DirectorCharles ChauvelStarsGrant TaylorBetty BryantChips RaffertyThree young Australians join the army at the beginning of World War I and are assigned to the Australian Light Horse cavalry, which is serving in Palestine. The three eventually take part in the attack during the Battle of Beersheba, which was the last cavalry charge in modern warfare.
- DirectorJohn HeyerStarsTom KruseWilliam Henry ButlerJack the DoggerA documentary film which follows a mailman as he travels along the Birdsville Track in the Outback.
- DirectorCharles ChauvelStarsRosalie Kunoth-MonksRobert TudawaliBetty SuttorSet against the harsh natural surrounds of outback Northern Territory, Jedda captures a rare and honest glimpse into the heart and history of indigenous Australia. Young Jedda is caught between two cultures forbidden from learning about her indigenous heritage and never fully accepted by the other.
- StarsPeter BathurstDamien ParerCameraman Damien Parer has just returned from the front in New Guinea, where he's documented Australian troops in action. He explains this to us in a prolog. We then see air drops of supplies, wounded men being carried on stretchers by native porters, and men leaving camp to go to the front. There's a tiny bit of possibly staged combat footage. A narrator explains that the Japanese soldiers are expert at disguise, and how important support from the home front is.
- DirectorTim BurstallStarsMark McManusJeanie DrynanEileen ChapmanA subjective view of a crisis in the life of a writer who calculates he has 2,000 weeks left in his life to fulfill himself.
- DirectorPeter WeirStarsRachel RobertsAnne-Louise LambertVivean GrayDuring a rural summer picnic, a few students and a teacher from an Australian girls' school vanish without a trace. Their absence frustrates and haunts the people left behind.
- DirectorPhillip NoyceStarsBill HunterGerard KennedyWendy HughesIn post-war Australia the men and women of Cinetone struggle to produce the weekly news reels for the movie-going public.
- DirectorBruce BeresfordStarsEdward WoodwardJack ThompsonJohn WatersThree Australian lieutenants are court martialed for executing prisoners as a way of deflecting attention from war crimes committed by their superior officers.
- DirectorGeorge MillerStarsMel GibsonBruce SpenceMichael PrestonIn the post-apocalyptic Australian wasteland, a cynical drifter agrees to help a small, gasoline-rich community to get rid of a horde of bandits.
- DirectorPeter WeirStarsMel GibsonMark LeeBill KerrTwo Australian sprinters face the brutal realities of war when they are sent to fight in the Gallipoli campaign in Turkey during World War I.
- DirectorBaz LuhrmannStarsPaul MercurioTara MoriceBill HunterA maverick dancer risks his career by performing an unusual routine and sets out to succeed with a new partner.
- DirectorMichael CurtizStarsGeorg ReimersVictor VarconiLucy DoraineWhen the old multimillionaire Jackson Harber wants to marry the young model Mary, she hesitates, but her mother convinces her that this is her chance to lead a life in luxury and leisure. The engagement is celebrated with an extravagant party at his estate, which is a gigantic palace and park in oriental style. His son Eduard arrives from Cambridge, accompanied by a priest, who is his tutor. The priest is disgusted by the bacchanalian reveling and womanizing going on everywhere. Mary's adorer, the sculptor Harry Lighton, tries to convince her to break the engagement. When she refuses, he shoots himself and is seriously injured. Mary falls asleep and is transported in her dream to the Biblical story of Sodom and Gomorrah. In the dream she sees herself as the wife of Lot, leaving her husband to play a central role in the excessive rites of the goddess Astarte. An angel arrives and leads Lot and his wife out of Sodom, just when the city starts to collapse. Lot's wife cannot resist looking back, and is because of her disobedience converted into a pillar of salt. The dream opens the eyes of Mary, and when she wakens, she leaves the party and hastens to Harry in the hospital.
- DirectorH.K. BreslauerStarsEugen NeufeldHans MoserAnny MilettyJews are expelled from the city of Utopia.
- DirectorWilli ForstStarsPaula WesselyAnton WalbrookOlga TschechowaVienna 1905: A risque drawing is published and threatens to compromise the model, a doctor's wife. Artist Heideneck protects her and invents a name. But the name exists, and this respectable lady is drawn into the artist's shady affairs.
- DirectorWerner HochbaumStarsMathias WiemanLuise UllrichOskar SimaA Viennese architect opposes his girlfriend's ambitions as a cabaret singer and turns away from her to do his duty in the infantry and prepare for war.
- DirectorGeorg Wilhelm PabstStarsMaria EisAglaja SchmidMarianne SchönauerIn 1882 a country girl disappears from a small Hungarian village. The inhabitants suggest that she was murdered by the Jews. Everything is done to accuse them before the trial. A study in stubbornness, racism and intolerance and how to fight against it.
- DirectorKurt SteinwendnerStarsLeopold RudolfMargit JerginsA black and white short depicting the events written by Edgar Allan Poe in his famous poem "The Raven".
- DirectorHelmut KäutnerStarsMaria SchellBernhard WickiBarbara RüttingA German nurse gets sent to the front because she gives medical aid to a wounded Serbian partisan during World War II.
- DirectorPeter PatzakStarsWalter KohutImmy SchellMaria EngelstorferThe Viennese vegetable merchant Karl Kassbach becomes a member of the right-wing extremist organization "Initiative", which plans numerous attacks and assassinations in the Vienna.
- DirectorMaximilian SchellStarsBirgit DollHanno PöschlHelmut QualtingerIn Vienna, in 1930, a young woman falls in love with a gambler and leaves her fiancé, a common butcher. They become a couple and have a baby, but he gets bored and leaves them. Without means to support herself, her downfall begins.
- DirectorWolfgang GlückStarsGabriel BarylliWerner KreindlRomuald PeknyKurt Gerber is attending his final class and gets into trouble with the math professor, a frustrated self-assured petty bourgeois sadist. The duel ends in catastrophe.
- DirectorMansur MadaviStarsAxel KlingenbergKurt KosuticMaria MartinaStory of an old man who refuses to leave a condemned house even though all the other tenants have left. He barricades himself in and spends his time writing protest letters to the government.
- DirectorChristian BergerStarsLois WeinbergerDietmar SchönherrBarbara WeberPortrait of an alpine countryside during the Napoleonic wars. The hero, a poor countryman, is faced with expulsion from society after having informed the French occupants of the hiding place of the guerrilla leader.
- DirectorPaulus MankerStarsFritz SchediwyHans-Michael RehbergSiggi SchwientekJosef Schmutz is a custodian clerk given the task of guarding an outdated industrial plant.
- DirectorAndreas GruberEgon Humer
- DirectorMichael SynekStarsJoe BergerErwin LederLisa Luginbuhl
- DirectorPaulus MankerStarsPaulus MankerHilde SochorJosefin PlattSelf-imprisoned in an apartment which is reminiscent of a theater stage, Otto Weininger recalls certain events of his life before shooting himself on October 4, 1903.
- DirectorWolfgang GlückStarsTobias EngelSunnyi MellesHeinz TrixnerIn 1938, Austria is about to become a part of the Third Reich. A theater actress and a Jewish journalist fall in love and spend time together, completely ignoring the political turmoil of the time despite friendly warnings.
- DirectorMichael HanekeStarsBirgit DollDieter BernerLeni TanzerA European family who plan on escaping to Australia seem caught up in their daily routine, only troubled by minor incidents. However, behind their apparent calm and repetitive existence, they are actually planning something sinister.
- DirectorMichael HanekeStarsArno FrischAngela WinklerUlrich MüheA 14-year-old video enthusiast obsessed with violent films decides to make one of his own and show it to his parents, with tragic results.
- DirectorMichael HanekeStarsGabriel Cosmin UrdesLukas MikoOtto Grünmandl71 scenes revolving around a recent immigrant, a couple that has just adopted a daughter, a college student and a lonely old man.
- DirectorAndreas GruberStarsElfriede IrrallRainer EggerOliver BroumisIt is the beginning of 1945 during World War II in former Austria. 500 Soviet prisoners of war who have refused to fight on the side of the Germans against their country were moved to the concentration camp in Mauthausen awaiting execution. They decide to break out. One winter night the Soviet prisoners make an escape. During the following shooting a great number of them are killed. Some, however, succeed in hiding in nearby villages. However the Germans convince the inhabitants of the villages to hunt the prisoners "like rabbits".
- DirectorJosé María Velasco Maidana
- DirectorJosé María Velasco Maidana
- DirectorJosé María Velasco MaidanaStarsJuanita TallansierArturo BordaDámaso Eduardo DelgadoThe story of a an Inca Princess who falls in love with a Captain of the Spanish army.
- DirectorLuis BazoberryDocumentary on the Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay and in particular on the signing of the peace treaty.
- DirectorJosé María Velasco MaidanaDocumentary on the Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay from the recruitment of troops to the battle front.
- DirectorEmelcoFestivities marking the 4th centenary of the founding of La Paz.
- DirectorAugusto RocaJorge RuizStarsSebastiana KespiEsteban LupiPaulino LupiThe story of a poor girl who leaves her starving family and sheep for a more prosperous village. Her grandfather finds her and tries to convince her to return to her home.
- DirectorJorge RuizStarsRosario Del RíoRaúl Vaca Pereira
- DirectorJorge SanjinésStarsElsa AntequeraNéstor CárdenasBenedicta HuancaWhile her husband is on his way to the market, a peasant woman is raped and murdered. Her widower carefully plans his revenge.
- DirectorJorge SanjinésStarsBenedicta HuancaVicente VenerosA film without a single word except for a scream of "Aysa".The story of the harsh and inexorable life of tin miners.
- DirectorJorge SanjinésStarsMarcelino YanahuayaBenedicta MendozaVicente Verneros SalinasThe reaction of an indigenous community against a group of foreigners who under the guise of development assistance are forcibly sterilizing the peasant women.
- DirectorJorge SanjinésStarsDomitila de ChungaraEusebio GirondaFederico VallejoA documentary reenactment of the government-ordered massacre of striking tin miners and their families at the Siglo XX Mines in 1967 in Bolivia. The film starts with previous massacres and represions (starting 1942 in Catavi), before and after the bolivian Revolution, and puts the finger on the people responsible. All of this according to the director's belief of movies having to show what people wanted: and people wanted to know causes and responsibilities. A little reading on the history of Bolivia after the revolution should led to a better understanding of this film, for it was directed to people who actually lived the process (some of them acting in the movie), and many meaningful sequences and details may not be understood in all their symbolic and historic value.
- DirectorAntonio EguinoStarsJuan Carlos AguirreElsa AntequeraAlberto BohorquezAfter several years a student returns to his native village only to find that despite the agrarian reform act of 1952, nothing has changed in the treatment of peasants, and racial discrimination continues.
- DirectorAntonio EguinoStarsNéstor YujiriEdmundo VillarroelDavid SàntallaRacial, social and cultural aspects of La Paz (called Chuquiago by the Aymaras) seen through four stories.
- DirectorMario PeixotoStarsOlga BrenoTatiana ReyRaul SchnoorThree people (Raul Schnoor, Olga Breno and Tatiana Rey) sail aimlessly while remembering their past.
- DirectorHumberto MauroStarsDurval BelliniDea SelvaLu MarivalA man kills his wife on their wedding night, after discovering she had been unfaithful. After being acquitted, he moves to the country, where he falls in love with an innocent girl.
- DirectorLima BarretoStarsAlberto RuschelMarisa PradoMilton Ribeiro'Capitão', a bandit, terrorizes poor villages in the Northeast region of Brazil, looting and frequently killing with his armed gang, until he kidnaps and becomes attracted to a beautiful schoolteacher, creating discord in his group.
- DirectorRoberto SantosStarsGianfrancesco GuarnieriMyriam PérsiaVera GertelOn the day of his wedding, young man from a family of immigrants faces some problems to get the money needed for the last arrangements. The family do what they can in order to honour the great event, selling personal belongings and buying enough supplies for a decent party.
- DirectorPaulo César SaraceniStarsIrma ÁlvarezReginaldo FariaPaulo PadilhaIrma can only think about getting rid of her cowardly dirty husband. She seeks out lovers not to commit adultery or for pleasure, but to find an accomplice to kill her husband.
- DirectorAnselmo DuarteStarsLeonardo VillarGlória MenezesDionísio AzevedoA simple yet devout Christian makes a vow to Saint Barbara after she saves his donkey, but everyone he meets seems determined to misunderstand his intentions. Will he be able to keep his promise in the end?
- DirectorNelson Pereira dos SantosStarsÁtila IórioMaria RibeiroOrlando MacedoA poor family in the Northeast of Brazil (Fabiano, the father; Sinhá Vitória, the mother; their 2 children and a dog called Baleia) wander about the barren land searching for a better place to live, with food and work. But the drought and misery destroy their hopes.
- DirectorWalter Hugo KhouriStarsNorma BengellOdete LaraMário BenvenuttiTwo friends take two prostitutes for a night of pleasure. But the night turns out to be frustrating for all involved, as much bitterness is revealed in their conversation and attitudes, uncovering their anguish and deeper feelings, and the emptiness of their lives.
- DirectorGlauber RochaStarsGeraldo Del ReyYoná MagalhãesOthon BastosAfter killing his employer when he tries to cheat him out of his payment, a man becomes an outlaw and starts following a self-proclaimed saint.
- DirectorLuiz Sérgio PersonStarsAna EsmeraldaEva WilmaOtelo ZeloniA man lives in conflict as he deals with his friends and love interests against the backdrop of São Paulo.
- DirectorCarlos DieguesStarsLeonardo VillarAnecy RochaAntonio PitangaLuzia comes from the backwoods of Northeast Brazil to Rio de Janeiro, in search of her fiancé. But soon she'll find out he has turned into a dangerous criminal and is being looked after by the police.
- DirectorRogério SganzerlaStarsHelena IgnezPaulo VillaçaPagano SobrinhoThe story of a famous Brazilian criminal, called The Red Light Bandit because he always used a red flashlight to break in the houses during the night. Working alone, he also used to rape his female victims.
- DirectorJoaquim Pedro de AndradeStarsGrande OteloPaulo JoséJardel FilhoOur story begins with Macunaima's miraculous birth to an old woman in a tiny jungle settlement. Born fully grown, he discovers his life's purpose which leads him and his family and followers on a journey to the Big City. More miracles occur on the way, but Macunaima still has the heart and mind of a child. In the Big City, terrorists enlist him in their revolutionary schemes. In the Big City he learns that nuts are not always food and other hilarious life lessons.
- DirectorEduardo CoutinhoStarsEduardo CoutinhoElizabeth TeixeiraFerreira GullarA filmmaker returns to Northeast Brazil after twenty years to resume his film (a profile of assassinated peasant leader João Pedro Teixeira) which was shut down by a right-wing military coup in 1964.
- DirectorLeon HirszmanStarsGianfrancesco GuarnieriFernanda MontenegroCarlos Alberto RiccelliUnion leader's son doesn't want to engage in a strike, because his wife is pregnant, thus disregarding his father's tradition of political activism.
- DirectorTizuka YamasakiStarsKyoko TsukamotoAntônio FagundesJiro KawarazakiBased on fact, this is the story of the struggles of Japanese immigrants who traveled to and settled in Brazil looking for a better life.
- DirectorRoberto FariasStarsReginaldo FariaCarlos ZaraAntônio FagundesThis movie is about one of the worst periods for the Brazilian people. Shows the days of military dictatorship when the Brazilian people against the government were put in jails, tortured, and some of them assassinated by the military and para-military people. At the same time, the same government censored the press and didn't allow anything but news about three times-champion soccer team. While the people made parties, etc for the soccer team, in the underground, people suffered all kinds of torture.
- DirectorMamadou Djim KolaStarsAminata DiawaraMariam FofanaGeorges OuedraogoA young student from a family which considers itself "progressive" cannot marry the boy she loves as he comes from the caste of the smiths who are viewed as pariahs.
- DirectorGaston KaboréStarsSerge YanogoRosine YanogoJoseph NikiemaIn pre-colonial times a peddler crossing the savanna discovers a child lying unconscious in the bush. When the boy comes to, he is mute and cannot explain who he is. The peddler leaves him with a family in the nearest village. After a search for his parents, the family adopts him, giving him the name Wend Kuuni (God's Gift) and a loving sister with whom he bonds. Wend Kuuni regains his speech only after witnessing a tragic event that prompts him to reveal his own painful history.
- DirectorKollo SanouStarsIssa AbloBernard CadsondoMarie-Claire CoeffeBila, a young peasant, decides to go to Ivory Coast to work and is asked by his parents to accompany Pogbi who is going to meet her fiancé, through an arranged marriage, for the first time. However, Pogbi is in love with Rasmane, a pariah from the smiths' caste, and runs away.
- DirectorPaul ZoumbaraStarsSotigui KouyatéYacine TallYoung people call into question their village's customs and create an agricultural co-operative.
- DirectorIdrissa OuedraogoStarsMoussa BlogoAoua GuiraudAssita OuedraogoPoverty and misery are rife in Gourga, a village in the Sahel. The inhabitants must choose: stay and await international assistance or leave for more fertile regions in the country.
- DirectorEmmanuel K. SanonStarsSidiki BakabaBalla Moussa KeitaMiriam YagoIt's payday and Adama, a factory worker, counts her meager salary trying to reconcile her needs with those of her family back in the village.
- DirectorSou JacobJacques OppenheimStarsMarguerite SouNouhoum OuttaraJoseph TraoréIn the early post-Independence years, a young village girl, who is in love with a young villager, is forced to marry a rich, old man. She tries to poison him and is sent to jail.
- DirectorGaston KaboréStarsMathias BayiliColette KaboréJoseph NikiemaIn the Mossi culture, one of the rites attending the birth of a child and its induction as a new member of the community involves the burial of the placenta. The space in which the placenta is buried is called 'Zan Boko' - a phrase which connotes the religious, cultural and affective relations that bind the child to the land and that embraces the notions of 'rootedness' and 'belonging'. Kaboré tells the story of Tinga, who resists the encroaching urbanization of his native territory. The specific rhythms and vision of the rural community, including its values, social relationship, and individual & collective destinies, are altered when a city is planted on the edge of an ancient native village.
- DirectorIdrissa OuedraogoStarsFatimata SangaNoufou OuédraogoRoukietou BarryA small village in Burkina Faso. The story focuses on Bila, a ten year old boy who befriends an old woman, Sana. Everybody calls her 'Witch' but Bila himself calls her 'Yaaba' (grandmother). When Bila's cousin Nopoko gets sick it is Sana's medicine who saves her.
- DirectorS. Pierre YameogoStarsYolande BelemLaure KahoCheick KoneAfter obtaining their Secondary School diplomas, some young people plan to continue their education but are not sure which area to choose.
- DirectorIdrissa OuedraogoStarsRasmané OuédraogoIna CisséRoukietou BarrySet in a pre-colonial African past, Tilai is about an illicit love affair and its consequences. Saga returns to his village after an extended absence to discover that his father has taken Nogma, Saga's promised bride, for himself. Still in love with each other, the two begin an affair, although it would be considered incestuous. When the liaison is discovered, Saga's brother, Koudri, pretends to kill Saga for the honor of the family and village. Saga and Nogma flee to another village, but when Nogma's birth mother dies, he returns home. Having brought ruin on the family, Saga is shot by Koudri, who walks off into exile and probable death.
- DirectorAbdoulaye D. SowStarsGeorgette ParéGustave SorghoSimone TapsobaOn their wedding night, a couple rescue a baby from a garbage bin only to adopt it some years later.
- DirectorDrissa ToureStarsTidjane HemaAmadou KonéLacina SanouA richly textured film about contemporary African youth torn between traditional village ways and the promise of an urban future.
- DirectorKollo SanouNissi Joanny TraoréStarsKalilou OuattaraRasmané OuédraogoMamadou ZerboThe story of a peaceful, well-to-do village which is suddenly disturbed by a murder and a series of unsettling events.
- DirectorGaston KaboréStarsYacouba KaboréTinfusi YerbangaColette KaboréA blacksmith falls off his bicycle when he tries to avoid a tortoise which crosses his path. He brings the animal home to his twelve year old son, Rabi, who becomes so fascinated that he forgets his chores at this father's shop. When the angry smith removes the tortoise, Rabi's grandfather, Pusga, helps Rabi find a larger one to consol the boy. Rabi wants to tame the animal and this new obsession leads him to defy parental authority. Pusga gently opens the boy's eyes to the visible and invisible ways of nature. Rabi starts to understand liberty, responsibility and respect for life. In turn he awakens long buried sentiments in the grandfather.